The identification of cancer hazards is the first step to preventing cancer. Cancer hazard assessments rely on systematic review methods to critically assess and integrate evidence-based literature to reach a conclusion whether a substance is a carcinogenic hazard. These assessments require rigorous and transparent methods to support their use in public health decision-making and health communication. The Report on Carcinogens (RoC) is a U.S. congressionally mandated report that identifies cancer hazards and lists each as either known or reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Substances, agents, mixtures, and exposure scenarios are evaluated for potential listing in the RoC using a multi-step process, established listing criteria, and systematic review methods outlined in the RoC Handbook.
